Improve handling of Rendered Task Instance Fields

### Body The current way how Rendered Task Instance Fields are handled (deleting old records and storing even big rendered task instance fields in the table) introduce a number of problems: * Deadlocks on MySQL only * https://github.com/apache/airflow/issues/32294 * https://github.com/apache/airflow/issues/29687 * https://github.com/apache/airflow/issues/18512 Those lead to workarounds such as #18616 and #32341 There are other reasons why big rendered fields should also be handled differently: * https://github.com/apache/airflow/issues/28199 There was a discussion about deprecating it - that had never been concluded - but some good ideas and reasons why we can't **just** deprecate it have been explained there: https://lists.apache.org/thread/jfzxq6xf8z5ss11hjl1yn41dd4mvk7cm It would be great if someone picks up the discussion, lead it to conclusions and implement it. ### Committer - [X] I acknowledge that I am a maintainer/committer of the Apache Airflow project.