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Recommend `node`/`default` conditions instead of `require`/`import` as a solution to the dual package hazard
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上游 issue 正文
### Affected URL(s)
https://nodejs.org/api/packages.html#dual-package-hazard
### Description of the problem
Publishing packages with dual CommonJS and ESM sources, while has the benefits of supporting both CJS consumers and ESM-only platforms, is known to cause problems because Node.js might load both versions. Example:
<table><tr>
<th><code>package.json</code></th>
<th><code>foo.cjs</code></th>
<th><code>foo.mjs</code></th>
</tr>
<tr><td>
```json
{
"name": "foo",
"exports": {
"require": "./foo.cjs",
"import": "./foo.mjs"
}
}
```
</td><td>
```js
exports.object = {};
```
</td><td>
```js
export const object = {};
```
</td></tr></table>
<table><tr>
<th><code>package.json</code></th>
<th><code>bar.js</code></th>
</tr>
<tr><td>
```json
{
"name": "bar",
"main": "./bar.js"
}
```
</td><td>
```js
const foo = require("foo");
exports.object = foo.object;
```
</td></tr></table>
```js
// my app
import { object as fooObj } from "foo";
import { object as barObj } from "bar";
console.log(fooObj === barObj); // false?????
```
The two suggested solutions boil down to "even when you have an ESM entrypoint, still use only CJS internallly". This solves the dual package hazard, but completely defeats the cross-platform benefits of dual modules.
If `foo` instead used these export conditions:
```json
{
"name": "foo",
"exports": {
"node": "./foo.cjs",
"default": "./foo.mjs"
}
}
```
Then:
- there would be no dual-package hazard in Node.js, because it only ever loads the CommonJS version
- there would be no dual-package hazard in bundlers, because they would only ever load either the `node` version (if they are configured to target Node.js) or the `default` version (if they are configured to target other platforms).
- the package solves the dual-package hazard while still providing an ESM-only version
We have been using this `node/default` pattern in `@babel/runtime` for a couple years, because we wanted to provide an ESM-only version for browser…
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