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sqlite: excess bound parameters produce an opaque "column index out of range" error
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上游 issue 正文
### Version
v24.15.0 (also present on `main`)
### Platform
Darwin 25.6.0 arm64 (platform-independent — pure `BindParams` logic)
### Subsystem
sqlite
### What steps will reproduce the bug?
```js
const { DatabaseSync } = require('node:sqlite');
const db = new DatabaseSync(':memory:');
db.exec('CREATE TABLE t(a)');
const ins = db.prepare('INSERT INTO t VALUES (?)');
ins.run(1, 2); // ERR_SQLITE_ERROR, errcode 25, "column index out of range"
db.prepare('SELECT 1').get(5); // same
```
Any excess anonymous argument reproduces it, regardless of type — `2`, `'x'`, and `null` all give the identical message.
### How often does it reproduce? Is there a required condition?
Always, whenever the number of anonymous arguments exceeds the statement's `sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()`.
### What is the expected behavior? Why is that the expected behavior?
An error naming the actual problem — that more parameters were supplied than the statement accepts, ideally with both counts. Something like:
```
TypeError [ERR_INVALID_ARG_COUNT]: Statement accepts 1 parameter, but 2 were provided.
```
Two reasons this matters:
1. **The message describes the wrong thing.** "Column index out of range" is SQLite's wording for a *binding* index, but to a JS caller "column" reads as a table column, pointing them at their schema rather than their call site. Nothing in the message indicates an argument-count mismatch.
2. **It's inconsistent with how the adjacent failure is reported.** A wrong-*type* argument gets a precise Node-authored error: `ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE: Provided value cannot be bound to SQLite parameter 2.` A wrong-*count* argument falls through to a raw SQLite error code. Both are caller mistakes in the same call, caught in the same function.
### What do you see instead?
`ERR_SQLITE_ERROR` with `errcode: 25` and message `column index out of range`.
### Additional information
The anonymous-binding loop in `StatementSync::BindParams` (`src/node_sqlite.cc`) iterates `args` from `anon…
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